feat: clinic and user table change

feat: centralized db error handler
fix: api responses

apis/__init__.py

@@ -27,8 +27,7 @@ api_router.include_router(
 
 api_router.include_router(auth.router, prefix="/auth", tags=["auth"])
 
-api_router.include_router(s3.router, dependencies=[Depends(auth_required)], 
+api_router.include_router(s3.router, prefix="/s3", tags=["s3"])
-prefix="/s3", tags=["s3"])
 
 api_router.include_router(users.router, prefix="/users", tags=["users"], dependencies=[Depends(auth_required)])
 

apis/endpoints/auth.py

@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@ from fastapi import APIRouter
 from services.authService import AuthService
 from schemas.CreateSchemas import UserCreate
 from schemas.ApiResponse import ApiResponse
+from schemas.BaseSchemas import AuthBase
 
 router = APIRouter()
 
 @router.post("/login")
-async def login(email: str, password: str):
+def login(data: AuthBase):
-    token = await AuthService().login(email, password)
+    token = AuthService().login(data)
     return ApiResponse(
         data=token,
         message="Login successful"
@@ -15,9 +16,9 @@ async def login(email: str, password: str):
 
 
 @router.post("/register")
-async def register(user_data: UserCreate):
+def register(user_data: UserCreate):
-    await AuthService().register(user_data)
+    token = AuthService().register(user_data)
     return ApiResponse(
-        data="OK",
+        data=token,
         message="User registered successfully"
     )

apis/endpoints/clinics.py

@@ -24,13 +24,17 @@ async def get_clinics(
     skip: int = DEFAULT_SKIP, limit: int = DEFAULT_LIMIT
 ):
     clinics = ClinicServices().get_clinics(skip, limit)
-    return ApiResponse(data=clinics, message="Clinics retrieved successfully", status_code=status.HTTP_200_OK)
+    return ApiResponse(data=clinics, message="Clinics retrieved successfully" )
 
+@router.get("/latest-id")
+async def get_latest_clinic_id():
+    clinic_id = ClinicServices().get_latest_clinic_id()
+    return ApiResponse(data=clinic_id, message="Latest clinic ID retrieved successfully")
 
 @router.get("/{clinic_id}")
 async def get_clinic(clinic_id: int):
     clinic = ClinicServices().get_clinic_by_id(clinic_id)
-    return ApiResponse(data=clinic, message="Clinic retrieved successfully", status_code=status.HTTP_200_OK)
+    return ApiResponse(data=clinic, message="Clinic retrieved successfully")
 
 
 @router.put("/{clinic_id}", response_model=Clinic)
@@ -38,7 +42,7 @@ async def update_clinic(
     clinic_id: int, clinic: ClinicUpdate
 ):
     clinic = ClinicServices().update_clinic(clinic_id, clinic)
-    return ApiResponse(data=clinic, message="Clinic updated successfully", status_code=status.HTTP_200_OK)
+    return ApiResponse(data=clinic, message="Clinic updated successfully")
 
 
 @router.delete("/{clinic_id}", status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)

apis/endpoints/s3.py

@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 from fastapi import APIRouter, status
 from fastapi import Request
 from services.s3Service import upload_file as upload_file_service
-from enums.enums import S3FolderNameEnum
-from typing import Optional
 
 from schemas.ApiResponse import ApiResponse
+from schemas.CreateSchemas import S3Create
 
 router = APIRouter()
 
-@router.post("/", status_code=status.HTTP_200_OK)
+@router.post("/")
-async def upload_file(request: Request, folder: S3FolderNameEnum, file_name: str, clinic_id: Optional[str] = None):
+def upload_file(data:S3Create):
-    userId = request.state.user["id"]
+    try:
-    resp = await upload_file_service(userId, folder, file_name, clinic_id)
+        resp = upload_file_service(data.folder, data.file_name)
-    return ApiResponse(data=resp, message="File uploaded successfully")
+        return ApiResponse(data=resp, message="File uploaded successfully")
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"Error uploading file: {str(e)}")
+        raise e

apis/endpoints/users.py

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ from utils.constants import DEFAULT_LIMIT, DEFAULT_PAGE
 router = APIRouter()
 
 @router.get("/")
-async def get_users(limit:int = DEFAULT_LIMIT, page:int = DEFAULT_PAGE, search:str = ""):
+def get_users(limit:int = DEFAULT_LIMIT, page:int = DEFAULT_PAGE, search:str = ""):
     if page == 0:
         page = 1
     offset = (page - 1) * limit
 
-    user = await UserServices().get_users(limit, offset, search)
+    user =  UserServices().get_users(limit, offset, search)
     
     return ApiResponse(
         data=user,
@@ -22,43 +22,47 @@ async def get_users(limit:int = DEFAULT_LIMIT, page:int = DEFAULT_PAGE, search:s
     )
 
 @router.get("/me")
-async def get_user(request: Request):
+def get_user(request: Request):
-    user_id = request.state.user["id"]
+    try:
-    user = await UserServices().get_user(user_id)
+        user_id = request.state.user["id"]
-    return ApiResponse(
+        user = UserServices().get_user(user_id)
-        data=user,
+        return ApiResponse(
-        message="User fetched successfully"
+            data=user,
-    )
+            message="User fetched successfully"
+        )
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"Error getting user: {str(e)}")
+        raise e
 
 @router.get("/{user_id}")
-async def get_user(request: Request, user_id: int):
+def get_user(request: Request, user_id: int):
-    user = await UserServices().get_user(user_id)
+    user =  UserServices().get_user(user_id)
     return ApiResponse(
         data=user,
         message="User fetched successfully"
     )
 
 @router.delete("/")
-async def delete_user(request: Request):
+def delete_user(request: Request):
     user_id = request.state.user["id"]
-    await UserServices().delete_user(user_id)
+    UserServices().delete_user(user_id)
     return ApiResponse(
         data="OK",
         message="User deleted successfully"
     )
 
 @router.put("/")
-async def update_user(request: Request, user_data: UserUpdate):
+def update_user(request: Request, user_data: UserUpdate):
     user_id = request.state.user["id"]
-    user = await UserServices().update_user(user_id, user_data)
+    user = UserServices().update_user(user_id, user_data)
     return ApiResponse(
         data=user,
         message="User updated successfully"
     )
 
 @router.put("/{user_id}")
-async def update_user(request: Request, user_id: int, user_data: UserUpdate):
+def update_user(request: Request, user_id: int, user_data: UserUpdate):
-    user = await UserServices().update_user(user_id, user_data)
+    user = UserServices().update_user(user_id, user_data)
     return ApiResponse(
         data=user,
         message="User updated successfully"

exceptions/db_exceptions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+from loguru import logger
+from sqlalchemy.exc import SQLAlchemyError
+from .business_exception import BusinessValidationException
+from .resource_not_found_exception import ResourceNotFoundException
+from .validation_exception import ValidationException
+
+class DBExceptionHandler:
+    """
+    Centralized handler for database exceptions.
+    This class provides methods to handle and transform database exceptions
+    into application-specific exceptions with user-friendly messages.
+    """    
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extract_detail_message(e):
+        """
+        Extract the detailed error message from a database exception.
+        
+        Args:
+            e: The exception to extract the message from
+            
+        Returns:
+            str: The detailed error message if found, None otherwise
+        """
+        if hasattr(e, 'args') and e.args and '\nDETAIL:' in str(e.args[0]):
+            # Extract just the part after 'DETAIL:'
+            detailed_message = str(e.args[0]).split('\nDETAIL:')[1].strip()
+            # Clean up any trailing newlines or other characters
+            detailed_message = detailed_message.split('\n')[0].strip()
+            return detailed_message
+        return None
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def handle_exception(e, context="database operation"):
+        """
+        Handle database exceptions and convert them to application-specific exceptions.
+        
+        Args:
+            e: The exception to handle
+            context: A string describing the context of the operation (for logging)
+            
+        Raises:
+            BusinessValidationException: With a user-friendly message
+            ValidationException: If the original exception was a ValidationException
+            ResourceNotFoundException: If the original exception was a ResourceNotFoundException
+        """
+        logger.error(f"Error during {context}: {str(e)}")
+        
+        # Pass through our custom exceptions
+        if isinstance(e, ValidationException):
+            raise ValidationException(e.message)
+        if isinstance(e, ResourceNotFoundException):
+            raise ResourceNotFoundException(e.message)
+        if isinstance(e, BusinessValidationException):
+            raise BusinessValidationException(e.message)
+            
+        # Handle SQLAlchemy errors
+        if isinstance(e, SQLAlchemyError):
+            # Check for PostgreSQL unique constraint violations
+            if hasattr(e, '__cause__') and hasattr(e.__cause__, '__class__') and e.__cause__.__class__.__name__ == 'UniqueViolation':
+                # Try to extract the detailed error message
+                detailed_message = DBExceptionHandler._extract_detail_message(e)
+                if detailed_message:
+                    raise BusinessValidationException(detailed_message)
+                
+                # Fallback to extracting field from the error if we couldn't get the detailed message
+                field = None
+                if 'Key (' in str(e.__cause__) and ')=' in str(e.__cause__):
+                    field = str(e.__cause__).split('Key (')[1].split(')=')[0]
+                
+                # Generic message if we couldn't extract a better one
+                raise BusinessValidationException(f"A record with this {field or 'information'} already exists")
+            
+            # Handle foreign key constraint violations
+            elif hasattr(e, '__cause__') and hasattr(e.__cause__, '__class__') and e.__cause__.__class__.__name__ == 'ForeignKeyViolation':
+                # Try to extract detailed message
+                detailed_message = DBExceptionHandler._extract_detail_message(e)
+                if detailed_message:
+                    raise BusinessValidationException(detailed_message)
+                raise BusinessValidationException(f"Referenced record does not exist")
+            
+            # Handle check constraint violations
+            elif hasattr(e, '__cause__') and hasattr(e.__cause__, '__class__') and e.__cause__.__class__.__name__ == 'CheckViolation':
+                # Try to extract detailed message
+                detailed_message = DBExceptionHandler._extract_detail_message(e)
+                if detailed_message:
+                    raise BusinessValidationException(detailed_message)
+                raise BusinessValidationException(f"Invalid data: failed validation check")
+            
+            # Handle not null constraint violations
+            elif hasattr(e, '__cause__') and hasattr(e.__cause__, '__class__') and e.__cause__.__class__.__name__ == 'NotNullViolation':
+                # Try to extract detailed message
+                detailed_message = DBExceptionHandler._extract_detail_message(e)
+                if detailed_message:
+                    raise BusinessValidationException(detailed_message)
+                    
+                # Fallback to extracting field name
+                field = None
+                if 'column "' in str(e.__cause__) and '" violates' in str(e.__cause__):
+                    field = str(e.__cause__).split('column "')[1].split('" violates')[0]
+                raise BusinessValidationException(f"Required field {field or ''} cannot be empty")
+            
+            # Generic SQLAlchemy error
+            elif hasattr(e, '__cause__') and hasattr(e.__cause__, '__class__') and e.__cause__.__class__.__name__ == 'IntegrityError':
+                # Try to extract detailed message
+                detailed_message = DBExceptionHandler._extract_detail_message(e)
+                if detailed_message:
+                    raise BusinessValidationException(detailed_message)
+                raise BusinessValidationException(f"Database error: {e.__class__.__name__}")
+
+            # Handle unique constraint violations (redundant with first check, but keeping for safety)
+            elif hasattr(e, '__cause__') and hasattr(e.__cause__, '__class__') and e.__cause__.__class__.__name__ == 'UniqueViolation':
+                # Try to extract detailed message
+                detailed_message = DBExceptionHandler._extract_detail_message(e)
+                if detailed_message:
+                    raise BusinessValidationException(detailed_message)
+                raise BusinessValidationException(f"A record with this information already exists")
+        
+            # Handle other database errors
+            elif hasattr(e, '__cause__') and hasattr(e.__cause__, '__class__') and e.__cause__.__class__.__name__ == 'OperationalError':
+                # Try to extract detailed message
+                detailed_message = DBExceptionHandler._extract_detail_message(e)
+                if detailed_message:
+                    raise BusinessValidationException(detailed_message)
+                raise BusinessValidationException(f"Database error: {e.__class__.__name__}")
+
+            
+
+        # For any other exceptions, provide a generic message
+        raise BusinessValidationException(f"An error occurred: {e.__class__.__name__}")

migrations/versions/402a9152a6fc_clinic_user_relation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+"""clinic-user-relation
+
+Revision ID: 402a9152a6fc
+Revises: ac71b9a4b040
+Create Date: 2025-05-15 12:09:28.050689
+
+"""
+from typing import Sequence, Union
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision: str = '402a9152a6fc'
+down_revision: Union[str, None] = 'ac71b9a4b040'
+branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
+depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    """Upgrade schema."""
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.add_column('clinics', sa.Column('creator_id', sa.Integer(), nullable=True))
+    op.create_foreign_key(None, 'clinics', 'users', ['creator_id'], ['id'])
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    """Downgrade schema."""
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.drop_constraint(None, 'clinics', type_='foreignkey')
+    op.drop_column('clinics', 'creator_id')
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###

migrations/versions/ad47f4af583e_user.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+"""user
+
+Revision ID: ad47f4af583e
+Revises: 402a9152a6fc
+Create Date: 2025-05-15 16:40:24.114531
+
+"""
+from typing import Sequence, Union
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision: str = 'ad47f4af583e'
+down_revision: Union[str, None] = '402a9152a6fc'
+branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
+depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    """Upgrade schema."""
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.add_column('users', sa.Column('mobile', sa.String(), nullable=True))
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    """Downgrade schema."""
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.drop_column('users', 'mobile')
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###

models/Clinics.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Boolean, ForeignKey
 from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 
 from database import Base
@@ -39,7 +39,9 @@ class Clinics(Base, CustomBase):
     general_info = Column(String, nullable=True)
     status = Column(Enum(ClinicStatus))
     domain = Column(String, nullable=True) # unique for each clinic
+    creator_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=True)  # Reference to the user who created this clinic
 
-
+    # Relationships
     doctors = relationship("Doctors", back_populates="clinic")
-    clinicDoctors = relationship("ClinicDoctors", back_populates="clinic")
+    clinicDoctors = relationship("ClinicDoctors", back_populates="clinic")
+    creator = relationship("Users", back_populates="created_clinics")

models/Users.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ class Users(Base, CustomBase):
     clinicRole = Column(Enum(ClinicUserRoles), nullable=True)
     userType = Column(Enum(UserType), nullable=True)
     profile_pic = Column(String, nullable=True)
+    mobile = Column(String)
     
     # Notification relationships
     sent_notifications = relationship("Notifications", foreign_keys="Notifications.sender_id", back_populates="sender")
@@ -21,3 +22,6 @@ class Users(Base, CustomBase):
 
     # FCM relationships
     fcm = relationship("Fcm", back_populates="user")
+    
+    # Clinics created by this user
+    created_clinics = relationship("Clinics", back_populates="creator")

schemas/BaseSchemas.py

@@ -5,11 +5,16 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr
 from enums.enums import AppointmentStatus, ClinicDoctorStatus, ClinicDoctorType, ClinicUserRoles, UserType, Integration
 
 
+class AuthBase(BaseModel):
+    email: EmailStr
+    password: str
+
 # Base schemas (shared attributes for create/read operations)
 class ClinicBase(BaseModel):
     name: str
     address: Optional[str] = None
     phone: str
+    emergency_phone: Optional[str] = None
     email: Optional[EmailStr] = None
     integration: Integration
     pms_id: str
@@ -31,6 +36,8 @@ class ClinicBase(BaseModel):
     voice_model_gender: Optional[str] = None
     scenarios: Optional[str] = None
     general_info: Optional[str] = None
+    creator_id: Optional[int] = None
+    fax: Optional[str] = None
 
 
 class DoctorBase(BaseModel):
@@ -70,6 +77,7 @@ class UserBase(BaseModel):
     password: str
     clinicRole: Optional[ClinicUserRoles] = None
     userType: Optional[UserType] = None
+    mobile: str
 
 
 class ClinicDoctorBase(BaseModel):

schemas/CreateSchemas.py

@@ -49,3 +49,9 @@ class CallTranscriptsCreate(CallTranscriptsBase):
 
 class NotificationCreate(NotificationBase):
     pass
+
+
+class S3Create(BaseModel):
+    folder: str
+    file_name: str
+    clinic_id: Optional[str] = None

schemas/ResponseSchemas.py

@@ -27,11 +27,14 @@ class UserResponse(UserBase):
     create_time: datetime
     update_time: datetime
     password: str = Field(exclude=True)
+    created_clinics: Optional[List[Clinic]] = None
 
     class Config:
         orm_mode = True
+        from_attributes = True
         allow_population_by_field_name = True
 
+
 class Doctor(DoctorBase):
     id: int
     create_time: datetime

services/authService.py

@@ -3,19 +3,20 @@ from services.jwtService import create_jwt_token
 from services.userServices import UserServices
 from utils.password_utils import verify_password
 from schemas.CreateSchemas import UserCreate
+from schemas.BaseSchemas import AuthBase
 from exceptions.unauthorized_exception import UnauthorizedException
 
 class AuthService:
     def __init__(self):
         self.user_service = UserServices()
     
-    async def login(self, email, password) -> str:
+    def login(self, data: AuthBase) -> str:
 
         # get user
-        user = await self.user_service.get_user_by_email(email)
+        user = self.user_service.get_user_by_email(data.email)
 
         # verify password
-        if not verify_password(password, user.password):
+        if not verify_password(data.password, user.password):
             raise UnauthorizedException("Invalid credentials")
 
         # remove password from user dict
@@ -26,6 +27,16 @@ class AuthService:
         token = create_jwt_token(user_dict)
         return token
         
-    async def register(self, user_data: UserCreate) -> None:
+    def register(self, user_data: UserCreate):
-        await self.user_service.create_user(user_data)
+        response =  self.user_service.create_user(user_data)
-        return
+        user = {
+            "id": response.id,
+            "username": response.username,
+            "email": response.email,
+            "clinicRole": response.clinicRole,
+            "userType": response.userType,
+            "mobile": response.mobile,
+            "clinicId": response.created_clinics[0].id
+        }
+        token = create_jwt_token(user)
+        return token

services/clinicServices.py

@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ class ClinicServices:
 
         return clinic_response
 
+    def get_latest_clinic_id(self) -> int:
+        clinic = self.db.query(Clinics).order_by(Clinics.id.desc()).first()
+        return clinic.id if clinic else 0
+
 
     def get_clinic_by_id(self, clinic_id: int) -> Clinic:
         clinic = self.db.query(Clinics).filter(Clinics.id == clinic_id).first()

services/s3Service.py

@@ -40,37 +40,27 @@ class S3Service:
 def get_s3_service():
     return S3Service()
 
-async def upload_file(
+def upload_file(
-    user_id: str,
     folder: S3FolderNameEnum,
     file_name: str,
-    clinic_id: Optional[str] = None
 ) -> Dict[str, str]:
     """
     Generate a pre-signed URL for uploading a file to S3.
     
     Args:
-        user_id: The ID of the user
         folder: The folder enum to store the file in
         file_name: The name of the file
-        clinic_id: Optional design ID for assets
-        
     Returns:
         Dict containing the URLs and key information
     """
     s3_service = get_s3_service()
-    if folder == S3FolderNameEnum.ASSETS and not clinic_id:
+    
-        raise BusinessValidationException("Clinic id is required!")
-
-    if folder != S3FolderNameEnum.PROFILE and not user_id:
-        raise BusinessValidationException("User id is required!")
-
     timestamp = int(datetime.now().timestamp() * 1000)
     
     if folder == S3FolderNameEnum.PROFILE:
-        key = f"common/{S3FolderNameEnum.PROFILE.value}/{user_id}/{timestamp}_{file_name}"
+        key = f"common/{timestamp}_{file_name}"
     else:
-        key = f"common/{S3FolderNameEnum.ASSETS.value}/clinic/{clinic_id}/{timestamp}_{file_name}"
+        key = f"assets/{timestamp}_{file_name}"
 
     try:
         put_url = s3_service.s3.generate_presigned_url(

services/userServices.py

@@ -10,16 +10,18 @@ from enums.enums import ClinicStatus, UserType
 from schemas.UpdateSchemas import UserUpdate
 from exceptions.unauthorized_exception import UnauthorizedException
 from interface.common_response import CommonResponse
+from exceptions.business_exception import BusinessValidationException
 from utils.password_utils import hash_password
 from schemas.CreateSchemas import UserCreate
 from exceptions.resource_not_found_exception import ResourceNotFoundException
+from exceptions.db_exceptions import DBExceptionHandler
 
 
 class UserServices:
     def __init__(self):
         self.db: Session = next(get_db())
 
-    async def create_user(self, user_data: UserCreate):
+    def create_user(self, user_data: UserCreate):
         # Start a transaction
         try:
             user = user_data.user
@@ -42,23 +44,27 @@ class UserServices:
                 password=hash_password(user.password),
                 clinicRole=user.clinicRole,
                 userType=user.userType,
+                mobile=user.mobile
             )
 
             # Add user to database but don't commit yet
             self.db.add(new_user)
+            self.db.flush()  # Flush to get the user ID without committing
             
             # Get clinic data
             clinic = user_data.clinic
 
             # cross verify domain, in db
-            # Convert to lowercase and keep only alphabetic characters, hyphens, and underscores
+            # Convert to lowercase and keep only alphanumeric characters, hyphens, and underscores
-            domain = ''.join(char for char in clinic.name.lower() if char.isalpha() or char == '-' or char == '_')
+            domain = ''.join(char for char in clinic.name.lower() if char.isalnum() or char == '-' or char == '_')
             existing_clinic = self.db.query(Clinics).filter(Clinics.domain == domain).first()
 
             if existing_clinic:
                 # This will trigger rollback in the exception handler
                 raise ValidationException("Clinic with same domain already exists")
 
+            
+
             # Create clinic instance
             new_clinic = Clinics(
                 name=clinic.name,
@@ -85,8 +91,9 @@ class UserServices:
                 voice_model_gender=clinic.voice_model_gender,
                 scenarios=clinic.scenarios,
                 general_info=clinic.general_info,
-                status=ClinicStatus.UNDER_REVIEW,
+                status=ClinicStatus.UNDER_REVIEW, #TODO: change this to PAYMENT_DUE
                 domain=domain,
+                creator_id=new_user.id,  # Set the creator_id to link the clinic to the user who created it
             )
 
             # Add clinic to database
@@ -95,31 +102,49 @@ class UserServices:
             # Now commit both user and clinic in a single transaction
             self.db.commit()
 
-            return
+            return new_user
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error(f"Error creating user: {str(e)}")
             # Rollback the transaction if any error occurs
             self.db.rollback()
-            if isinstance(e, ValidationException):
+            
-                raise ValidationException(e.message)
+            # Use the centralized exception handler
-            if isinstance(e, ResourceNotFoundException):
+            DBExceptionHandler.handle_exception(e, context="creating user")
-                raise ResourceNotFoundException(e.message)
-            raise e
 
     def get_user(self, user_id) -> UserResponse:
+        try:
+            # Query the user by ID and explicitly load the created clinics relationship
+            from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload
+            user = self.db.query(Users).options(joinedload(Users.created_clinics)).filter(Users.id == user_id).first()
 
-        # Query the user by ID
+            if not user:
-        user = self.db.query(Users).filter(Users.id == user_id).first()
+                logger.error("User not found")
-
+                raise ResourceNotFoundException("User not found")
-        if not user:
+            
-            logger.error("User not found")
+            # First convert the user to a dictionary
-            raise ResourceNotFoundException("User not found")
+            user_dict = {}
-
+            for column in user.__table__.columns:
-        user_dict = user.__dict__.copy()
+                user_dict[column.name] = getattr(user, column.name)
-
+            
-        user_response = UserResponse(**user_dict).model_dump()
+            # Convert created clinics to dictionaries
-
+            if user.created_clinics:
-        return user_response
+                clinics_list = []
+                for clinic in user.created_clinics:
+                    clinic_dict = {}
+                    for column in clinic.__table__.columns:
+                        clinic_dict[column.name] = getattr(clinic, column.name)
+                    clinics_list.append(clinic_dict)
+                user_dict['created_clinics'] = clinics_list
+            
+            # Create the user response
+            user_response = UserResponse.model_validate(user_dict)
+            
+            # Return the response as a dictionary
+            return user_response.model_dump()
+        except Exception as e:
+            # Use the centralized exception handler
+            from twillio.exceptions.db_exceptions import DBExceptionHandler
+            DBExceptionHandler.handle_exception(e, context="getting user")
 
     def get_users(self, limit:int, offset:int, search:str):
         query = self.db.query(Users)
@@ -141,7 +166,7 @@ class UserServices:
 
         return response
 
-    async def get_user_by_email(self, email: str) -> UserResponse:
+    def get_user_by_email(self, email: str) -> UserResponse:
         user = self.db.query(Users).filter(Users.email == email.lower()).first()
 
         if not user: